Sponsored by the Institute of Medicine’s Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine
Nov 29-30, 2007
Goal:
Transport fuels, taking a “cradle to grave” approach of personal vehicle fuel production and use with potential environmental health consequences. We will focus on the unintended consequences of previous changes to fuel mixtures and examine possibilities for new fuel sources and mixtures. The outcome of the workshop should be to explore possible frameworks for balancing costs and benefits of potential fuel mixtures for the United States with a focus on health, sustainability, and consequences for the society as a whole.
November 29, 2007
8:30 a.m. Welcome
The Honorable Paul G. Rogers, J.D.
Chair, Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine
Partner, Hogan & Hartson
8:45 a.m. Bringing Health to Fuel Mixtures: Opportunities to Engage Environmental Health Sciences
Samuel Wilson, M.D
Acting Director, NIEHS / Director, National Institutes of Health
Session I: Relationships Between Transportation, Fuels, and Health
Session objectives:
Examine trade-offs in the creation of transportation energy policy.
Understand energy and transportation trends.
Understand the basics of fuel and engine development.
Review the health effects of traditional transport fuels.
Moderator: David Heymenn, MD., World Health Organization Centre for Environment and Health (invited)
9:00 a.m. Introduction
David Heymenn, MD.,
World Health Organization Centre for Environment and Health (invited)
9:10 a.m. From the Ground through the Tailpipe: Fuel Requirements and Engine Parameters
Michael Wang, Ph.D. (confirmed)
Vehicle and Fuel Systems Analyst
Center for Transportation Research
Energy Systems Division
Argonne National Laboratories
9:30 a.m. The Outlook for Energy: A View to 2030
Scott Nauman (confirmed)
Manager of Economy and Energy
Corporate Planning Department
ExxonMobil
9:55 a.m. The Future Trends of Motor Vehicles and Transportation
Jaycie Chitwood, M.B.A. (confirmed)
Senior Strategic Planner
Advanced Technologies Group
Toyota Motor Sales
10:20 a.m. Break
10:35 a.m. Life-Cycle Analysis and Health Effects of Transportation Fuels
Tee L. Guidotti, M.D., M.P.H. (confirmed)
Professor
The George Washington University School of Medicine
11:05 a.m. Discussion (initial Q&A about the presentations, followed by discussion of these topics with panel and audience members)
What are the themes that emerged from a broad-based discussion of energy implications and limitations?
What are clear areas of controversy and challenges in negotiating a new energy policy?
What other factors may play a role in the selection of transport fuels?
11:50 a.m. Lunch
Session II: Fuel Additives, Motor Vehicle Mechanics, and Health
Session objectives:
To learn which additives have been used in gasoline, and the politics in the progression from one additive to another
To understand the environmental health risks of different additives
To discuss alternatives to current aromatic fuel additives.
Moderator: Serap Erdal, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Illinois Chicago, School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Division
12:30 p.m. Introduction to Fuel Additives
Serap Erdal, Ph.D. (confirmed)
12:40 p.m. From Toxicity to Epidemiology: Understanding Health Implications of Current Fuels
Daniel Greenbaum, M.C.P. (confirmed)
President
Health Effects Institute
1:10 p.m. A History of Fuel Development: Lead, MTBE, and Benzene
C. Boyden Gray, J.D. (confirmed)
US Ambassador to the EU
1:40 p.m. Aromatic Gasoline Additives and Health
TBA
Environmental Protection Agency
2:05 p.m. Gasoline, Diesel, and Lubes: Is Fuels the Exposure
Douglas Lawson, Ph.D. (confirmed)
Principal Scientist
Environmental Science & Health Impacts Program
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
2:30 p.m. Discussion
3:00 p.m. Break
3:10 p.m. MMT in Canadian Gasoline-Health and Environment Issues
Joseph Zayed, M.D. (confirmed)
Faculty of Medicine
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
University of Montreal
3:30 p.m. The European Ramazzini Foundation Project on Fuels, Their Constituents, Oxygenated Additives and Combustion Products
Fiorella Belpoggi, M.D. (confirmed)
Deputy Scientific Director
European Foundation for Oncology and Environmental Sciences
European Ramazzini Foundation
3:50 p.m. Transportation Fuels and Public Health
Howard Feldman, M.Sc. (confirmed)
Director
Regulatory Analysis and Scientific Affairs
American Petroleum Institute
4:10 p.m. Discussion (initial Q&A about the presentations, followed by discussion of these topics with panel and audience members)
How important are fuel additives to fuel economy and performance?
How do we approach risks from transport fuels and additives and are there any areas where assessment is unclear?
What is the role of environmental health as technologies are implemented or refined?
5:00 p.m. Adjourn
November 30, 2007
8:30 a.m. Welcome Back and Challenge to Workshop Participants
The Honorable Timothy Wirth, Ph.D. (confirmed)
President
United Nations Foundation
Session III: Ethanol: Biofuels in the Mainstream
Session objectives:
Explore the potential of ethanol for fuel octane needs.
Explore the potential of ethanol as an alternative base fuel.
Compare different markets and production methods of ethanol.
Examine the health and environmental limitations of ethanol.
Moderator: Sharon Hrynkow
8:50 a.m. Alternatives to Traditional Fuel Additives: Nonoxygenates and Ethanol
Don Lucas, Ph.D. (confirmed)
Advanced Energy Technologies Department
9:10 a.m. Perspectives on the Lifecycle Environmental Impacts of Ethanol Fuel
Susan Powers, Ph.D. (confirmed)
Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies
Clarkson University
9:45 a.m Comparative Toxicity of Gasoline and Ethanol Vehicles
Paulo Saldiva, M.D., Ph.D. (confirmed)
Professor of Medicine
Department of Pathology
University of Sao Paolo
10:05 a.m. Potential Adverse Impacts of Ethanol
Mark Jacobsen, Ph.D. (confirmed—via videoconference)
Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Stanford
10:25 a.m. Discussion
10:50 a.m. Break
Session IV: Fuel Alternatives: Looking Beyond Fossil Fuels
Session objectives:
Compare and contrast different alternatives to fossil fuels
Consider sustainability in terms of economics, labor, and environment
Explore potential health costs and benefits of alternative fuels
Moderator: Howard Frumkin
11:00 a.m. Green Gasoline: Newcomer Alternative Fuels/ Production
John Regalbuto, Ph.D. (invited)
Program Director
Catalysis and Biocatalysis
Directorate for Bioengineering
National Science Foundation
11:20 a.m. Making Healthy Energy Choices: Precautionary “Tails” Undetected Faults
Paul Epstein, M.D., M.P.H. (confirmed)
Associate Director
Center for Global Health and the Environment
Instructor in Medicine
Harvard Medical School
11:40 a.m. Biodiesel: From Field to Commodity to Vehicle
Jon Van Gerpen, Ph.D. (invited)
Head for the Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department.
University of Idaho
12:00 p. m. Fuel Comparisons: Ethanol, Advanced Diesel, Hybrid, and Gasoline
John Graham, Ph.D. (confirmed)
Dean
The Pardee RAND Graduate School
12:25 p.m. Discussion
12:50 p.m. Lunch
Session IV: The Bigger Picture: Sustainability, Economy, the World
Session Objectives:
1. To examine the larger issues related to fuel decision-making
2. To review potential global and societal unintended consequences of different fuels
Moderator:
1:40 p.m. Unintended Economic Consequences of Biofuels and Fuel Additives
Calestous Juma, Ph.D. (invited)
Professor
Practice of International Development
Director
Science, Technology & Innovation
Kennedy School of Government
Harvard University
2:00 p.m. Global Environment and Health Risks from Transport Fuels
2:20 p.m. Discussion with Audience: (initial Q&A about the presentations, followed by discussion of these topics with panel and audience members)
Who should be involved in a discussion of new energy policies?
What are the questions left unanswered?
To what extent should economics drive the debate?
What is the global environmental and economic burden of transport fuels and how can cooperation among governments begin to address this?
2:50 p.m. Break
Panel Discussion: Criteria to Determine Potential Costs and Benefits of Fuels
3:00 p.m.
The moderator will lead a discussion with the panel members and the audience to identify:
1. What are the research needs to elucidate the data that will best inform decision-making about transport fuels?
2. What are the important factors in energy decisions and how do we prioritize them?
3. How do we facilitate collaboration amongst experts in the water field so that sectors (e.g. financial, technological, ecological, social, and public health) are integrated in their approaches and input to the decision-making process?
4. What criteria and processes should be used in decision-making?
Moderator:
John Balbus, M.D., M.P.H., Director, Environmental Health Program for Environmental Defense (confirmed)
Daniel Greenbaum, M.C.P., President, Health Effects Institute (confirmed)
Howard J. Feldman, MSc., Director, Regulatory Analysis and Scientific Affairs. American Petroleum Institute (invited)
David Heymenn, MD., World Health Organization Centre for Environment and Health (invited)
Serap Erdal, PhD., Assistant Professor, University of Illinois Chicago, School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Division (confirmed)
4:45 p.m. Closing Comments
4:50 p.m. Adjourn